The Decline Of The Plague - 1947 Words

In 14th century Europe during its medieval period there was a pandemic that killed many people all over Europe and Asia called the Black Death. This disease spread fast with the increasing trade between all the people in Europe through its complex system of trade routes. At this time everybody was unsure on where the plague came from. The plague was affecting both the packed urban areas and the rural areas of Europe as well. Without knowledge of sanitation and medicine this spread rapidly and many people were affected by the plague. The period before the plague was very important to medieval Europe. It was times of prosper for the majority of Europe. There was an increase in trade and agriculture and communication with the inhabitants.†¦show more content†¦Where food was not being produced to due to cold to supply Europe with food (Cole and Symes 355). Modern scholars and historians believed that the plague began in china, and then spread to the Crimean Where the Chinese’s traders exchange goods and silk with European merchants. At the same time European ships where in the dock of caffa when the Mongolian army introduce the plague when they raided the port city. Which were trekking across Europe taking advantage of the weak East Asians and Europeans cities. The bubonic plague called the Black Death began in the borderland region between India, China and Burma in the Himalayan foothills. It began to appear in China about 1330 CE and reached the Crimeas port of Caffa in 1346 CE . then traveling fro m the flea infested rats on the merchant vassals. It spread From the Crimea port of Caffa on the black sea, the plague travelled to Constantinople and Sicily in the year 1347 CE, Egypt and Syria in 1348 CE, and spread to the rest of Europe the following years (Pamuk 293). The bacteria Yersinia pestis is present in infected rats and other rodents and is transmitted to humans by the bite of a flea. However the flea that is infected by the plague regurgitates the bacteria into human’s blood stream. When the human is infected the bacteria is carried by the lymphatic system to the lymph node closest to the bit. Those affected are marked by enlarged lymph glands and

Self Harm Depression And Alcohol Abuse Essay - 1316 Words

Self-harm, or parasuicide, is a deliberate injury inflicted upon oneself. Unfortunately, it is an issue primarily found in the younger population. Since it is difficult to clinically follow-up these cohorts due to their chaotic nature and constant geographic mobility (Sinclair, Hawton Gray, p. 247), the long-term consequences of an episode of self-harm are not well-known. In this paper, I will summarize the findings of researchers Sinclair, Hawton and Gray who found that the patients admitted in the hospital due to self-harm, after six years, have significantly higher mortality, higher morbidity and lower quality of life compared to the general population (p. 250). Moreover, I will elaborate my own one-year therapy plan that will be focused on tackling the main issues that contribute to the comorbidity of self-harm: depression and alcohol abuse. Lastly, I will look at another possible treatment involving community reinforcement. To start, Sinclair et al. conducted a study that follo wed an original cohort composed of a â€Å"representative sample of [150] self-harm patients presenting to one hospital in the UK.† The researchers gathered data on three occasions: first, at the entry to the study, then, after twelve to eighteen months, and finally, six years later. In order to track the participants, Sinclair et al. used the National Health Registers. Then, they contacted all living patients, inviting them to their follow-up study, and used primary and secondary case notes for theShow MoreRelatedAn Article On Self Harm Patients1301 Words   |  6 Pagessome feel that the best way to cope with these difficulties is by self-injury. It is a way that they believe makes them escape or feel better and it may seem wrong, but it’s important to understand what leads them to such extent and how we can solve it. This term paper will be analysing an article that follow a clinical sample of self-harm patients in a duration of 6 years to understand death from sui cide, how many times they self-harm themselves as well as their quality of life. As well as discussingRead MoreEffects Of Alcohol Abuse On The Body991 Words   |  4 PagesEffects of alcohol abuse Alcohol abuse has become a growing problem in the U.S. today. Even though alcohol prevents certain illness and extends life, alcohol abuse needs to be controlled before it gets to out of hand because it has many negative effects on a person’s body, it can cause harm to children mentally and physically, and not only affects the person drinking it but the people around them. Alcohol abuse has many negative effects on the body. One way it affects the body is through the heartRead MoreAlcohol Abuse : A Continuous Pattern Of Drinking1185 Words   |  5 PagesAlcohol abuse (305.00) is a continuous pattern of drinking that ends up harming your health, personal relationships or even being to work. It is also to be linked up to suicide. They say the risk of suicide is higher in older men who suffer from depression and have a history of drinking. Alcohol abuse adds to failure to report to work or be able to do your specific duties or responsibilities that need to be performed even at school, or home. Also leads to dangerous activities like drinking and drivingRead MoreThe Number Of Child Abuse1593 Words   |  7 PagesTable of contents List of tables and figures Figure1.the number of child abuse from 2009 to 2014 in Australia Figure2.the percentage of child abuse in different types Figure3. percentages of who experienced fear and/or anxiety emotional abuse by sex Abstract The issue of child abuse happen all over the world. Why are the case of child abuse increasing in recent years in Australia? This report aims to explain causes, effects and recommendations. 1 Introduction Read MoreHealth And Performance Effects Of Alcohol Use By Intercollegiate / Varsity Athletes1232 Words   |  5 PagesWhat are the health and performance effects of alcohol use by intercollegiate / Varsity athletes? Alcohol is the most commonly used recreational drug globally and its consumption, often in large volume, is deeply embedded in many aspects of Western society . It is used by members of all societies in countries around the world, either consumed moderately or in excess. University is a place in one’s life when those who have just finished secondary school go to experience a higher quality of educationRead MoreThe Effects Of Depression And Its Effects On Society1266 Words   |  6 Pagesages will be affected by depression? Depression is a mood disorder caused by an overwhelming feeling of sadness and loss of interest. It has a negative effect on how one goes through their day to day activities. Depression is more than just having a â€Å"bad day†, it is a serious mental disorder that can harm people’s lives. The causes of depression are widely ranged. The debate between if depression comes from a nature vs nurture environment is highly looked into. Depression is backed up and proven byRead MoreRisk Factors of Teenage Suicide1217 Words   |  5 Pagesstatistics prove that this is not necessarily true. Although some teenage suicides may be the result of youthful and impulsive actions, certain risk factors, signs, and symptoms can contribute to self-inflicted death in adolescents. For instance, the gender of a teenager plays a role in their overall risk of self-inflicted death. A recent study shows the suicide rates of teenage boys as being fifty-seven out of a million, but the teenage girl suicide rate came in at a much lesser fourteen out of a millionRead MoreAn Exploration Of Cyberbullying Problems And Why You Should Be Concerned?1323 Words   |  6 Pagesdoing it too, or they have been the victim before. Theses beatdowns of abuse can take a toll on the victim. The victim could start a eating disorder, self-harming, push away people, and worst case scenario is suicide. Even the bully will have bad effects from their actions such as guilt, regret, and trauma. The effects of cyberbullying are horrific and it should be stopped. One of these effects are low self-esteem. Low self-esteem is when you think poorly of yourself. According to End To Cyberbullying’sRead MoreChild Abuse Prevention And Treatment Act1351 Words   |  6 Pages CHILD ABUSE By Anastasiya Drevinskiy Child Development and Learning in Cultural Context /EdPs 620/ Professor Jerry Gissinger Spring 2016 What is child abuse? From the word â€Å"abuse† we can understand that it is some sort of a maltreatment of a child, causing harm and damage both to his physical and psychological well-being. At the Federal level, the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA) describes child abuse and neglect as: â€Å"any recent act or failure to act on the part of a parentRead MoreThe Prevalence Of Mental Health976 Words   |  4 Pagespopulation. The use of alcohol abuse is usually associated with one or two other psychological disorders. There are many people who have outside issues as well such as physical abuse, antisocial, and sexual abuse. Their motivation to get out of being homeless is usually poor because of poor motivation, no support system, and depression. Substance abuse can be attributed to about fifty percent of the homeless population. Homeless individuals are three times more likely to have alcohol-use disorder compared

Public Shame is Effective free essay sample

Public shame can teach someone a valuable lesson. In the NFL, the Miami Dolphins had an incident where a player quit do to the fact that he was being harassed by one of his teammates. In defense, the other player stated that it was just locker room talk; however, this bullying also took place over text. The player is now being publicly disgraced for being raciest and harassing one of his teammates. In doing so, it makes him learn his lesson on what he has done and suffer the consequences of his actions since now everyone refers to him as a bully. In reading the two essays â€Å"Condemn the Crime, Not the Person,† by June Tangney and â€Å"Shame Is Worth a Try,† by Dan M. Kahan people will see both sides of public shame. The essay that does not support this claim is the one that was written by June Tangney. We will write a custom essay sample on Public Shame is Effective or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In contrast, the essay written by Dan M. Kahan supports this claim by stating how it can be an effective form of punishment. It can be argued that public shaming is an efficient form of punishment for minor crime offenders do to the feeling of public humiliation and loss of self-worth act as a deterrent. Public shaming can be an efficient form of punishment and should be embraced. It is a judicial punishment imposed on a convicted criminal that includes humiliation instead of imprisonment. June Tangney in her essay writes, â€Å"A number of social commentators have urged America to embrace public shaming and stigmatization as cheaper and effective alternatives for curbing a broad range of nonviolent crimes† (Tangney 570). This is true; it is a much less expensive form a punishment, for incarceration costs are escalating. Also, public shaming is a great way to have nonviolent crimes dealt with in an efficient manner. People do not want to be publicly shamed for it ruins their reputation. If someone had to drive with a bumper sticker saying they got a DUI, they will be mortified because everyone who sees them is going to look down upon them. Public shame is meant for minor crimes only as in a DUI or a guy soliciting prostitutes. When people are publicly shamed they are looked down on in society which causes them to be humiliated. Humiliation is one of the key factors in public shaming. It is what makes this form of punishment so effective. Humiliation is the emotion someone feels when their social status has decreased. Shame is private when someone feels as if they have done something wrong. Public shame is when others now know of the crime in which a person has committed which then causes a loss of stature or image. Kahan mentions in his essay about â€Å"A series of studies by Harold Grasmick, a sociologist at the University of Oklahoma, suggests that the prospect of public disgrace exerts greater pressure to comply with the law than does the threat of imprisonment and other formal punishments† (Kahan 576). People do not want to be humiliated for it will break down their self-worth. With using the technique of public shame it would cause humiliation which would make the criminal conform to the law, for they do not want to keep being looked down upon in society. Some may seem their reputation as one of the most important aspects in their life. By having their reputation messed with, it will soon make them have a loss of self-worth. They will feel as if they are not even a person in society. Tangney mentions a good point on how humiliation may cause this feeling, â€Å"Such humiliation is typically accompanied by a sense of shrinking of being small, worthless, and powerless, and by a sense of being exposed† (Tangney 570). By having someone feel not apart in society they certainly would learn their lesson. If the criminal feels as if they are not a part of society and only looked down upon, they will certainly not want to commit the crime again. After all, they lost the respect that they once did have. People depend on their reputation for their everyday lives, for instance, their job. As mentioned before, the Dolphin football player is now looked down upon, for everyone in the media is referring to him as a bully, which may ruin his career and have the Dolphins not want him on the team next season. Of course however, public shaming is not meant for every crime. Public shaming is not appropriate for every crime. Reason being, society does not want a man who murdered someone to just be punished with public disgrace, it is unsafe. Public shame is for minor crimes such as, drunken driving, nonaggravated assaults, embezzlement, small-scale drug distribution, larceny, and more, that would usually just receive some short imprisonment time. Kahan makes a good point about how many of these crimes take up most of prison, â€Å"There’s obviously no alternative to imprisonment for murders, rapists, and other violent criminals. But they make up less than half the American prison population† (Kahan 575). Many of these minor crimes that are imprisoned are just taking up a lot of room, and not as cheap as public shaming. By making this the punishment for all these crimes, it will save money, make space for far worse criminals, and it would have a serious effect on the person who committed this minor crime. They will feel as if they are an outcast in society, by having everyone know what they did will make them not ever want to commit the crime again because they will never want to put themselves in that situation again. Nevertheless, some may see public shaming as an ineffective and unfair punishment to do. Tangney argues that it does not motivate constructive changes in behavior. Also, shaming someone often makes them more likely to repeat their crime. However, if the criminal ever wants to feel a part of society again then they will most likely not commit the crime again. She also mentions that shame brings in the feelings of guilt, and to stop someone from having a bad defective behavior is by helping them feel as if they are helping society by doing community service to relieve the guilt of their past crime. On the contrary, it is as if the criminal can just pay off their crime by doing some community service. That does not stop them from doing it again. By shaming someone it will be imbedded in their brain that it is frowned upon in society. Also, Kahan brings up a good point, â€Å"Those who served prison time are also a lot less likely to regain the respect and trust of their law-abiding neighbors†¦Given all this, it’s hard to see shame as cruel† (Kahan 576). Shame clearly is not as humiliating as imprisonment. Neighbors will soon forget the crimes that were just publicly shamed, but most likely will not forget if you served jail time. Furthermore, to publicly shame a criminal is an efficient way to punish them for their crime. Public shaming promotes humiliation and loss of self-worth, but that is what makes it so effective. It makes the crime offender to never want to be put in this position is society again. It is humiliating, but to be imprisoned is even more. Public shaming should only be meant for minor crimes. Minor crimes make up most of the prison population; it could really save money by using public degrade as the form of punishment instead. It would also allow for more prison space for more serious crimes. Overall, public shame allows someone to realize the crime they committed is looked down upon, and makes them feel like an outcast, in doing so making them not want to commit the crime again. People do not want to feel worthless, and not a part in society. Public shame should be enforced in our society and will really benefit people in the long run. Work Cited

Supply Chain Management Global Market

Question: Discuss about theSupply Chain Managementfor Global Market. Answer: Introduction: Supply chain management focuses on analysing movement of products for ensuring all the requirements of the market fulfilled in an appropriate manner (Christopher, 2016). With the increasing competition in the global market, organizations have focused on formulating logistic management strategies for sustaining its position in the market. In this study, the focus would be one of the prime computer hardware providing organizations namely Supermicro. The study will focus on evaluating entire order management procedure of Supermicrofor fulfilling the requirements of the customers. The study would also analyze the investment management procedure of the organization to reduce issues associated with the waste management procedure. Background of the Organization: Charles Liang founded Supermicro in the year of 1993 with the focus of providing superior types of computer hardware products across the globe. Supermicroalso has enhanced its specialization in providing power supplies, networking and storage system equipments for grabbing the major share of the market. Presently, headquarter of Supermicrois based on San Jose California of USA (supermicro.com, 2017). From the beginning, Supermicrohas always tried to initiate effective strategies for achieving competitive advantage in the market. Presently, Supermicrohas to face immense competition from the organizations like Concurrent computers, Cray Inc, Fitbit Inc and Omnicell Inc in sustaining its position in the global market. For that reason, it has also has tried to include advance technology solutions for providing maximum support to the customers. Moreover, organizations like Apple and HP has able to set the trend in the computer hardware equipments globally. Therefore, Supermicrois to estab lish its presence in the global market, it has focused on developing effective supply management strategies. In fact, Supermicro also have focused on evaluating different departments including production, marketing and financial department for handling all the business activities appropriately. It has also focused on developing specific strategies related to inventory management for minimizing the possibility of waste in the operational process. The Interfaces: According to Islam et al. (2013), using pattern of supply chain network also can influence business activities of other departments as well. Specifically, globalization has made supply chain process of the organizations extremely complex, which also has influenced other departments like production, marketing and finance to change their activity accordingly. The impacts of Supermicros supply chain management on other departments are as follows: Production: As per the article by Stadtler (2015), efficient use of supply chain management can ensure required amount of raw materials reach to all the production facilities consistently. Now, Supermicro produce networking and computer hardware equipments that require specific superior quality of raw materials. Otherwise, the provided quality of the hardware or networking products will not able to satisfy the customers effectively. Furthermore, effective supply chain management would allow organizations to maintain the quality of raw materials, as it would develop strong relationship with distributors. As a result, it would help production unit of Supermicro in maintaining its produced quality continuously. On the other hand, supply chain management can create direct impact on the distribution cost. Therefore, if Supermicro can able to reduce the distribution cost, it would allow manufacturing unit to reduce direct sales and overhead cost in a major way. It has been assessed that Supermicro tri ed to utilize advance technologies for reducing the required lead-time in a major way (Wisner, Tan Leong, 2014). Furthermore, effective utilization of supply chain require well-developed organizational structure, which would also help production unit to maintain strong coordination with other departments. For that reason, it has helped Supermicro to fulfil all the business activities within the given timeframe. Marketing: As highlighted by Fawcett, Ellram and Ogden (2014) supply chain management can also have huge impact on the marketing activities of the organizations. It has been assessed that effective utilization of supply chain management can allow organizations to provide required amount of products at the desired destination effectively. As a result, it helps organizations to increase the convenience level of the customers. On the other hand, one of the prime objectives of marketing department is to increase the sales volume of the provided products and services in a major way. Now, higher convenience will increase the satisfaction level of the customers, which will eventually create positive impact on the overall sales volume. Therefore, if Supermicro can able to initiate proper logistics management strategies, it would definitely help marketing team in fulfilling their aims and objectives. Moreover, supply chain network also play crucial role in returning diffective products from the customer s in a short period of time (Schnsleben, 2016). Therefore, if Supermicro can able to reduce the required time for providing the right product to the right customers, it will help to enhance the sales volume in a major way. Thus, effective utilization of supply chain management is necessary for providing assistance to the marketing department in fulfilling their goals and objectives. Finance and Accounting: As opined by Mangan, Lalwani and Lalwani (2016) logistics and supply chain management also can have major impact on the financial performance of the organizations. It has been assessed that effective utilization of supply chain management will allow Supermicro to provide optimum amount of products to the customers. As a result, it would help Supermicro to reduce the waiting the time of the customers in a major way. Moreover, effective use of supply chain management will allow Supermicro to eliminate all the intermediaries in an effective way. As a result, it would help financial department to keep track of all the activities associated with supply chain procedure in a much easier way. Order Cycle: It has been assessed that organizations like Supermicro will have to deal with huge number of customers for fulfilling all the business objectives effectively. For that reason, it had to systematic order supply process for providing right amount of products to the right place at the right time. Now, order supply process of Supermicro desired as follows: Figure 1: Order cycle (Source: Fernie Sparks, 2014) From the above figure, it can be assessed that supply chain management process of Supermicro can has three components including manufactures, retailers and distributors. It has been assessed that distributors and manufacturers of Supermicro collaborate to fulfil the requirements of each placed orders. However, the logistic chain begins from supply of raw materials for developing proper computer hardware and networking products. Supermicro has focused on developing long-term relationship with all the suppliers in order to maintain the quality of raw materials at the desired order (Tayur, Ganeshan Magazine, 2012). Moreover, it also has focused on providing specific benefits to all the suppliers for ensuring the required amount of raw materials are present at all the time. As highlighted by Dyckhoff, Lackes and Reese (2013) ordering cycle of Supermicro has different steps, which allow organizations to fulfil all the requirements effectively. Firstly, order cycle of Supermicro focuses on tracking the placement of orders from the different geographical areas. It allow Supermicro to assess the amount of product need to be delivered at different locations. Moreover, it also helps Supermicro to assess the present trend of the market regarding specific products and services. Secondly, Supermicro focuses on receiving the orders from customers. This step is essential for confirming the sales of that particular unit. Moreover, confirmation provides customers to become more relax, as they will receive the desired product within the given timeframe. Thirdly, Supermicro focuses on processing the order from inventory department for ensuring right amount product would be provided at the given period of time. For that reason, Supermicro has tried to develop strong li nk up between inventory department and distributors so that it do not have to wait for processing the products. Thus, it actually would help Supermicro to reduce the required lead-time in an appropriate manner. Fourthly, credit department focuses on verifying the processed products in order to ensure right products will be delivered to right destination. Moreover, it also focuses on assessing the amount of products have to be delivered within near future (Coyle et al., 2016). As a result, it allows organization to manufacture required amount of products in an effective manner. Fifthly, Supermicro focuses on shipping the products to specific retail outlets so that customers can purchase without facing any difficulties. As a global organization, Supermicro has tried to utilize different transportation tools for ensuring required amount of products has been delivered to the desired destination. Finally, Supermicro also has focused on collecting back the products from the customers in c ase of any complaints regarding improper functioning. Here, Supermicro try to provide replacement to the customers with 24 hours time limit so that satisfaction level of the customers remain at the optimum level. Inventory Management: As per the article by Waters and Rinsler (2014) effective utilization of inventory management strategies are crucial for maintaining the profit level at the desired rate. For that reason, Supermicro has focused on developing inventory management strategies carefully so that it can fulfil all the business objectives. For instance, it has focused on reducing the amount of obsolete products in order to ensure the cost required for operational process remains at the optimum level. For that reason, it has focused on introducing new advanced technologies warehousing management system in the inventory management procedure. Supermicro also has used all these advanced technologies to maintain continues track of all the products. It has also focused on developing strong relationship with the distributors so that they select right product to take out from the inventory process. For that reason, it has allowed Supermicro to achieve success in maintaining the profit level at the desired rate. Mor eover, it has also focused on utilizing requirements planning for handling all the challenges associated with the inventory management procedure. It has been assessed that Supermicro has made a conscious effort in managing the inventory level effectively. However, there is still scope for improvement for Supermicro, which will allow the organization to achieve competitive advantage in the market. For instance, Supermicro can focus on using systematic procedure for handling all the responsibilities associated with inventory management. Firstly, Supermicro would have to focus on fastening the supplier lead-time, which will help to reduce cost related inventory process. Moreover, it would also help Supermicro to follow quick replenishment model. Secondly, Supermicro needs to focus on eliminating all the obsolete products from the stock. As a result, it would help Supermicro to simplify inventory management procedure in an effective manner. It has been assessed that with time different networking and computer hardware products become defected or obsolete (Sarkis, 2012). Therefore, keeping track of all these defected products will not add value to the inventory management procedure. For that reason, it is necessary to eliminate all the obsolete products immediately. Thirdly, Supermicro will have to focus on optimizing order size and frequency of purchase in order to have an idea about the future demand. Therefore, it would help Supermicro in formulating strategies for handling all the future challenges related to inventory management. Fourthly, Supermicro needs to focus on centralizing the inventory control so that it can handle all the requirements effectively (Beske, 2012). Now, advanced technologies are required for utilizing centralized system in dealing with inventory management perspective. Now, Supermicro has already initiated different software applications for handling inventory activities. Thus, it needs to focus on multi-echelon planning models for handling all the requirements in an efficient way. Conclusion: The above discussion has highlighted the fact that supply chain management plays an important role in providing higher profit level to the organizations. The study has highlighted the fact that Supermicro has focused on covering all possible aspect related to supply chain procedure for delivering right product at the right time. It has also highlighted the fact that effective utilization of supply chain concept can also help organizations to provide support to other business departments. Specifically, supply chain management can help production, marketing and finance department to fulfil their objectives in an effective way. Moreover, it has also highlighted the significance of maintaining proper inventory management procedure for fulfilling all the requirements related supply chain concept. References: Beske, P. (2012). Dynamic capabilities and sustainable supply chain management.International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management,42(4), 372-387. Christopher, M. (2016).Logistics supply chain management. Pearson UK. Coyle, J. J., Langley, C. J., Novack, R. A., Gibson, B. (2016).Supply chain management: a logistics perspective. Nelson Education. Dyckhoff, H., Lackes, R., Reese, J. (Eds.). (2013).Supply chain management and reverse logistics. Springer Science Business Media. Fawcett, S. E., Ellram, L. M., Ogden, J. A. (2014).Supply chain management: from vision to implementation. London: Pearson. Fernie, J., Sparks, L. (2014).Logistics and retail management: emerging issues and new challenges in the retail supply chain. Kogan Page Publishers. Islam, D. M. Z., Meier, J. F., Aditjandra, P. T., Zunder, T. H., Pace, G. (2013). Logistics and supply chain management.Research in Transportation Economics,41(1), 3-16. Mangan, J., Lalwani, C., Lalwani, C. L. (2016).Global logistics and supply chain management. John Wiley Sons. Ross, D. F. (2013).Competing through supply chain management: creating market-winning strategies through supply chain partnerships. Springer Science Business Media. Sarkis, J. (2012). A boundaries and flows perspective of green supply chain management.Supply Chain Management: An International Journal,17(2), 202-216. Schnsleben, P. (2016).Integral logistics management: operations and supply chain management within and across companies. CRC Press. Stadtler, H. (2015). Supply chain management: An overview. InSupply chain management and advanced planning(pp. 3-28). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. supermicro.com. (2017).Supermicro.com. Retrieved 13 February 2017, from https://www.supermicro.com Tayur, S., Ganeshan, R., Magazine, M. (Eds.). (2012).Quantitative models for supply chain management(Vol. 17). Springer Science Business Media. Waters, D., Rinsler, S. (2014).Global logistics: New directions in supply chain management. Kogan Page Publishers. Wisner, J. D., Tan, K. C., Leong, G. K. (2014).Principles of supply chain management: A balanced approach. Cengage Learning.

What Your Writing Style Says About You

So many of our interactions – both at work and in our personal lives – are done digitally. Whether it’s via email, social media or SMS, having strong written communication skills are not only important for getting things done, but also for building and maintaining relationships with customers, vendors, and colleagues. Your words reflect who you are Your choice of words in an email or social media post may feel spontaneous, but they can actually tell a surprising amount about who you are. Text-analysis studies have found a strong link between certain key words and major personality traits. One study in particular analyzed the Facebook posts of 75,000 participants who also took personality tests. The results showed clear trends in word choice based on personality type – extroverts used a higher number of â€Å"social words†, such as â€Å"fun† and â€Å"party,† while introverts utilized words that referred to solitary activities, including â€Å"computer† and â€Å"reading.† Narcissists, predictably, talked about themselves a lot, leaning heavily on words like â€Å"I†, â€Å"myself† and â€Å"me.† What your emails say about you Emails are a vital form of business communication and seemingly small details make a huge difference: never letting a typo slip through will make you more likely to be seen as conscientious and detail-oriented. Lengthy emails can signify thoroughness, but they may also imply neediness or disorganized thoughts, so it’s important to keep in mind who you are writing for and what your goals are. Even your email response time can send a message – responding instantly might mean you’re hard-working (or that you maybe didn’t think through your message carefully), but a late response can imply a lack of interest. Perhaps unsurprisingly, your communication habits are also likely shaped by your age. A survey of 1,200 people ranging in age from 18 to 64 revealed certain trends in email habits that correlated with age. People between the ages of 55 and 64 were less likely to draft lengthy, verbose emails than the 18-to-24 set while older adults were also less tolerant of spelling and grammar mistakes. Age even seems to play a part in determining why people choose to rewrite emails before sending them – the majority of participants between ages 45 and 54 rewrote emails to sound more authentic, while 18-to-24 year olds did so to sound more intelligent. A minefield of miscommunication Texts, emails and posts are easy to misinterpret without the help of gestures, vocal inflections and other clues that come from in-person communication. In one interesting study, participants received 10 statements via email – some of these statements were sarcastic, while others were serious. The recipients were able to identify them correctly only about half the time. However, when they heard the same messages in a voice recording, they were able to correctly interpret the sentiment 73 percent of the time. So, read your message aloud before you send or post it – if there’s a chance it could be misunderstood, play it safe and tweak it. Communicate effectively It’s clear that your writing style reflects on your ability to communicate as well as how others perceive you. Sometimes, it’s worth taking a little bit of extra time to craft a message that will spark the response you want from the reader. Know when to keep your communication short, when to be casual or formal, and when it’s appropriate to be humorous or sarcastic.

The Worst Advice Weve Heard About Plagiarizing

The Worst Advice Weve Heard About Plagiarizing Plagiarism isnt a fun topic. Lets face it- anyone who has spent time in academic pursuits has heard the stern lectures from professors warning of the dangers of plagiarism. The consequences of it can be equally unsettling: a failing grade, a feeling of disgrace, loss of credibility, and even expulsion are all very real possibilities.But dont worry, weve got your back, and will discuss the absolute worst advice weve heard about plagiarizing. Pay attention and youll avoid the embarrassment and destruction of credibility that plagiarism can bring.Bad Idea #1: You can use whole sentences or paragraphs from WikipediaSince Wikipedia content is created by a conglomeration of several writers and editors, there is a false assumption that entire sentences or passages can be lifted from it and used in otherwise original papers.The operative word here is false. Regardless of how many writers contributed to a passage or content, and regardless of the fact that the content is online and highly edi ted, its still plagiarism to claim the text as your own. In addition, Wikipedia content will be easily picked up by any online plagiarism detector since it is a highly visited website and therefore highly ranked in search engine algorithms.Its also important to keep in mind that Wikipedia is not considered to be a legitimate source in academic research and writing. Treating it as a source could result in a lowered grade and plagiarizing it could most certainly result in that- or worse.Bad Idea #2: You can piece together pieces of several different free online essays on the topicIf youve ever watched an online plagiarism detector perform its search, youd know that this is likewise bad advice. Specifically, these programs are designed to crawl millions of webpages to find content that is word-for-word of the text submitted to them. It doesnt matter if the content is pulled from a hundred different sources, plagiarism detection software can find all of them- including short passages of approximately five words.There is also a false assumption that goes along with this one, stating that as long as the copied passages are less than a certain percentage of the original work, its fine to plagiarize. Whether you copy a passage of five words or 500- the act (and therefore, the consequence of that act) is the same.Whether you copy a passage of five words or 500- its still plagiarism. Photo by Green Chameleon on Unsplash.Bad Idea #3: You can plagiarize since there are no original ideas leftWhile its true that there is nothing new under the sun, this reality doesnt give you an excuse to claim anothers work as your own. When writers and literary scholars mention that there are no original ideas left (another way to state the adage I mentioned above), they are referring to story archetypes that have been used since the dawn of human existence. And sure- most storylines or plots have been done before, in some version, either in movies or books. Characters change and settings change, but there are certainly repetitions of conflicts and archetypes in literature that cant be avoided.However, there will always be a way for you to approach the topic with fresh eyes- and with YOUR eyes. Even if your thoughts are similar to others, you will still express them in a unique way because you are a unique individual. There is no one else in the entire world who looks, thinks, and processes ideas exactly like you do. This means that the work you produce, whether it is writing or research or both, should be entirely original in the way it is written and compiled. Since every writer is an individual, it is highly unlikely that he or she will choose word-for-word the exact phrasing of another writer who has broached the topic previously.Bad Idea #4: If the source is obscure enough, no one will know you plagiarizedTechnology is an amazing thing and plagiarism software is part of that emerging technology. While the plagiarism-checker programs have varying abilities and s copes of their search, your theft of anothers words could always be discovered with the right one. The question then becomes: Are you willing to run that risk?Even if a source is entirely offline (very few are nowadays) and completely obscure, a professor paying attention will potentially be able to detect plagiarism because the writing style and word choice will be so very different than your own. Many professors hand out in-class assignments and tests that require you to write in class. This means that they have a sample of your writing, which clues them in to your writing style and the extent of your vocabulary. Anything you turn in that is in glaring contrast will immediately be suspected of plagiarism by a professor who is looking for it.Bad Idea #5: You wont get penalized if you accidentally plagiarize somethingAs nice as this would be, it simply isnt true. Many universities have a strict no-plagiarism policy, and any instance of it could be dealt with harshly, including expul sion, even if it was accidental. In fact, freelance writers who publish online content often run their work through a plagiarism detector to make sure they havent accidentally plagiarized someone. As a professional writer, this type of accidental plagiarism could still have the same consequences of intentional plagiarism, including lawsuits, losing their job, and loss of credibility in their industry.The fact is: its an easy mistake to make, especially when you read a lot of content about a particular topic. Sometimes, thoughts go through our brains that we assume to be original but are actually thoughts weve read somewhere and simply forgot we had read it (in that exact combination of words).Professors understand this and have likely dealt with the situation in their own research and writing. However, any responsible researcher or writer will take steps to ensure that his or her work is original and that it cites all sources quoted, whether directly or indirectly. This involves che cking for plagiarism, even of the accidental variety, which is easy to do with all of the free plagiarism-checker websites available. When you submit your work for class or for a writing assignment given to you by your company, you should take these same steps.Bad Idea #6: Everyone does it, so you should tooI think most mothers have a similar reply when their rebellious teenager uses this argument to justify doing something against house rules: If everyone jumps off a bridge, would you follow them?While its a somewhat comedic anecdote, there is truth in it. Just because its widely done doesnt mean its right. And just because other people get away with it doesnt mean you will avoid getting caught, as well. In much the same sense that a police officer or judge will not be inclined to ignore laws broken simply because other people break them- neither will a professor be inclined to excuse plagiarism, simply because he or she has seen it attempted often over the span of their career.Bey ond these facts, its important to understand that plagiarism is theft- theft of anothers words and ideas, while claiming them as your own. In the same sense you would not be a thief in other facets of your life, dont be a thief of anothers writing and research.Bad Idea #7: If it isnt copyrighted, you can plagiarize itCopyright law is not as complex as you might think. In fact, once something is published online or as an original hardcopy, it retains an original copyright, whether the author attaches the copyright symbol () to it or not.Obviously, not every author would pursue litigation for copyright infringement, but the possibility is still there. This is especially true if you publish content online- whether academic or otherwise- without attributing it to its original author. Just as there is software to detect plagiarism, there is likewise software for authors and website managers to use that detects if anyone is using their original content online. With this software, they are able to find the website that is using their original content, as well as the websites owner (through information you provided when you registered the website). This means that the threat of lawsuits is always there, particularly if you are publishing online.Even if youre not publishing it online, plagiarism detector software can locate the original content online and mark yours as being plagiarized. And this software is freely available for professors or employers to use.Plagiarism can ruin your reputation and result in expulsion.Bad Idea #8: If you just rewrite another persons paper, it isnt plagiarizingThis is one of the most commonly held myths about plagiarism- thinking that rewriting or rearranging the words of an entire section or paper is somehow not plagiarism. While this method might help you avoid some online plagiarism detectors, depending on the source youre rewriting, it can still be highly visible to your professor that you have done this.The problem with this method of plagiarizing is that it is both underhanded and still not your original thought. There are some cases in which you will need to do this in order to avoid quoting so much, you still need a citation following the rewrite to direct the reader toward the original source.

Aesthetic and political issues raised by large surveys of womens work Essay

Aesthetic and political issues raised by large surveys of womens work - Essay Example Nature and culture has influenced women to diversify artistic works (Art & Australia, 2008). Women involvement in these changes borrows from the view life experiences and the motives for outstanding results are the central pillars that govern the actions of women. It is difficult to outline the political issues raised without looking at the social issues connected to women art. Participation of women in different professions has increased tremendously due to increased working opportunities. Women are also involved in the formulation and implementation of various reforms in the health sector and the provision of affordable care for children. This has raised different demands that women thrive to meet. The main demand by women is access to various professional fields as well as the demand for equal pay. This represents the ways in which women are approaching different aspects of their social life, professions and their private lives. The early participation of women in arts has a cultu ral impact on the modern societies. This change in culture manifests itself clearly by looking at the shift of women working in early sculptures to the present day visual arts. ‘Contemporary Australia: Women’ exhibition presents a good avenue for modern artists to discuss various issues related to art. Artists use the mass media to reveal different selections of women in the recent years. It has created visual arts, which is a new branch of arts. Women have influenced the cinema world showing how their involvement in art has changed the nature of contemporary art. Feminist art has brought about discussions and dialogues among different artists. It is also worth to note that... Many challenges have faced women artists including difficulties in trading, marketing and developing their skills in art. Gender biases and societal stereotypes are the main cause of these challenges and difficulties. Their endurance to these challenges and difficulties has changed the field of arts in the world. Australia represents the countries that recognize the contributions of different women artists to modern art. This revolution of women artists began during the time of the feminist movement that fought for the rights of women in arts. ‘Contemporary Australia: Women’ is an exhibition that helps in measuring and recognizing how women artists diversified and continue to diversify the field of arts. The exhibition contains different artistic works, which include paintings, films, sculptures, photography works and other forms of arts. The exhibition also comprises of works by young artists, how they develop their work out of a good understanding of identity as women artists. It explains the current position of women in the contemporary world by considering the views and opinions of different women artists in the world.